Plastic extrusion is a high-volume production process in which solid plastic particles (or pellets) are melted and pushed into an extruder die. The die shapes the molten plastic into a continuous profile, which then cools and solidifies.
Feeding: Raw plastic pellets are fed from a hopper into a heated barrel.
Melting: A rotating screw inside the barrel moves the plastic forward, applying both heat from external heaters and frictional shear heat, which melts and homogenizes the plastic.
Shaping: The molten plastic is forced through a die, which gives the material its final, desired shape.
Cooling and Sizing: The shaped plastic, called the "extrudate," is cooled, usually in a water bath, to solidify it and maintain its shape.
Pulling and Cutting: A puller mechanism draws the extrudate away from the die at a consistent speed, and a cutter slices it into specific lengths.
A single-screw extruder is the most common type and is best for general-purpose applications with pure polymers. A twin-screw extruder uses two intermeshing screws, which provide better mixing and are ideal for compounding, blending, or processing materials with fillers, additives, and recycled plastics.
Most thermoplastics can be used in the extrusion process, including: Polyethylene (PE), Polypropylene (PP), Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC), Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS), Polycarbonate (PC), etc.
A wide range of products with a constant cross-section are made by extrusion, such as: pipes and tubing, window and door frames, wire and cable insulation, weatherstripping, plastic sheets and films, vinyl siding, etc.
Yes. Recycled plastics are increasingly used in extrusion production, but they must be properly sorted, cleaned, and processed to prevent contamination that could cause defects and affect production. Kairun can customize to your specific requirements.